Association of Comorbid Mood and Anxiety Disorders With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

Background: The literature surrounding the association of comorbid mood and anxiety disorders with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) reveals a multifaceted relationship characterized by significant prevalence rates, developmental trajectories, and implications for treatment and healthcare access. Literature Review: The main body of the review underscores the developmental aspect of anxiety in children with ASD, highlighting that anxiety symptoms tend to increase with the severity of autism symptoms (D. Rieske, 2012). This developmental trajectory indicates the necessity for early intervention to address anxiety and its impact on social functioning. Additionally, the barriers faced by individuals with ASD in accessing healthcare are discussed, with implications for both physical and mental health exacerbated by these challenges (Tye et al., 2019). The systematic review and meta-analysis conducted on adults with ASD further emphasize the high prevalence of anxiety and depression, while also pointing out gaps in the literature regarding the influence of demographic factors on these rates (J. Hollocks et al., 2019). The critical need for standardized diagnostic assessments is highlighted to better understand the complex interplay between ASD and psychiatric comorbidities. Moreover, the review identifies significant rates of psychiatric comorbidities among children and adolescents with ASD, with findings indicating that parental psychological distress plays a crucial role in the emotional and behavioral challenges faced by these individuals (Guerrera et al., 2022). This emphasizes the importance of integrated treatment approaches that consider both the child and the family's mental health. Conclusion: In conclusion, the literature presents a compelling case for recognizing the significant prevalence and complexity of mood and anxiety disorders in individuals with ASD. It emphasizes the importance of early intervention, tailored treatment approaches, and comprehensive healthcare access to improve outcomes for this population. The integration of neurobiological insights alongside behavioral and developmental considerations enhances the understanding of the multifaceted nature of these comorbidities, paving the way for future research and improved clinical practices.