Association of Sleep-Disordered Breathing With Cognitive Function and Risk of Cognitive Impairment

Abstract

Background: The literature surrounding sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and its association with cognitive function and impairment reveals a multifaceted relationship that spans across various age groups and health conditions. Literature Review: Expanding on this, (McMillan & J. Morrell, 2016) noted a significant prevalence of SDB in older adults, estimating rates between 20% and 40%. The implications of SDB in this demographic are particularly critical, as they may differ from those observed in younger populations, necessitating tailored approaches to diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, (Robert Ott et al., 2017) drew connections between SDB and cerebrovascular diseases, emphasizing the need for systematic screening in at-risk populations, particularly as SDB disrupts sleep architecture and leads to cognitive decline. The interplay between behavioral and psychiatric issues and cognitive deficits in children with SDB was explored by (L. Smith et al., 2017), who found that behavioral problems could exacerbate cognitive impairments. This suggests a holistic approach is necessary in addressing the cognitive challenges faced by children with SDB. Similarly, (Janssens et al., 2018) examined cognitive impairment in the elderly, particularly in those with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), drawing attention to the potential exacerbation of cognitive decline by SDB. Conclusion: In conclusion, the body of literature underscores a complex interplay between SDB, cognitive function, and various health risks across different populations. The findings emphasize the need for continued research to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these relationships and to develop effective interventions that address both the physiological and psychological aspects of SDB.