Negative Pressure Wound Therapy for Closed Laparotomy Incisions in General and Colorectal Surgery

Abstract

Background: The literature on Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) for closed laparotomy incisions in general and colorectal surgery reveals a significant advancement in understanding its efficacy and applications over the past decade. Literature Review: (Ousey et al., 2013) provide a foundational overview of NPWT devices, emphasizing their role in complementing standard medical care rather than replacing it. They advocate for a tailored approach to NPWT application, with optimal pressure settings varying according to patient demographics and clinical conditions. This individualized strategy is crucial for maximizing the benefits of NPWT in diverse surgical populations. (Borejsza-Wysocki et al., 2021) evaluate NPWT's impact on preventing surgical site infections (SSIs) after stoma reversal, suggesting that while NPWT may lower infection rates, results must be interpreted with caution due to statistical insignificance. Nonetheless, they emphasize NPWT's multifactorial mechanism of action in promoting optimal healing conditions. (Szabóné Révész et al., 2022) consolidate findings on NPWT's effectiveness across a range of wound types, highlighting its advantages such as enhanced blood flow and reduced bacterial load, critical factors for successful wound healing. (Wouters et al., 2022) and (Sato et al., 2022) reinforce the concept of prophylactic NPWT in preventing surgical site occurrences, particularly in high-risk surgeries. Their collective findings advocate for NPWT's integration into standard postoperative care protocols, aiming to mitigate complications like SSIs and seromas. Conclusion: In conclusion, the body of literature presents a compelling case for the application of NPWT in closed laparotomy incisions, emphasizing its evolving role in enhancing surgical outcomes. The evidence suggests that NPWT not only improves wound healing but also serves as a proactive measure in preventing complications, thereby informing future clinical practices in general and colorectal surgery.