The Analysis Study Of The Role Of Metformin In The Incidence Of Gastric Cancer On Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) ranks as the fifth most prevalent malignancy worldwide and is notorious for its poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate ranging between 25% and 30%. Metformin, a widely used oral medication for managing T2DM, has drawn attention for its potential anti-cancer properties. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, this systematic review focused exclusively on full-text articles published in English between 2014 and 2024. Result: The study conducted a comprehensive review of over 100 publications sourced from reputable databases, including ScienceDirect, SagePub, and PubMed. Following an initial screening, eight publications were identified as warranting more in-depth analysis. Consequently, a thorough review of these selected studies was performed to ensure a detailed and rigorous evaluation. Conclusion: Metformin may reduce gastric cancer risk in T2DM patients, especially in Asian populations, though its effect on prognosis remains uncertain. More randomized controlled trials and cohort studies are needed to clarify its protective role against gastric cancer.