The Analysis Study of Gender Variations in the Effectiveness of Calcium-Channel Blockers for Hypertension: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Historically, more men died from CVD, but recent trends show that women now surpass men in CVD mortality. Despite numerous clinical trials demonstrating the effectiveness of CCBs on cardiovascular and hemodynamic measures, few have examined their effects separately in men and women. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, this systematic review focused exclusively on full-text articles published in English between 2014 and 2024. Result: The study conducted a comprehensive review of over 100 publications sourced from reputable databases, including ScienceDirect, SagePub, and PubMed. Following an initial screening, eight publications were identified as warranting more in-depth analysis. Consequently, a thorough review of these selected studies was performed to ensure a detailed and rigorous evaluation. Conclusion: Amlodipine is effective and safe for treating hypertension, with evidence suggesting it provides greater blood pressure reductions in women. However, sex-specific factors may affect treatment outcomes and should be considered in clinical practice.