Systematic Review of Antihypertensive Treatments for Preeclampsia

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy complication affecting 3 to 5% of pregnancies, leading to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to review randomized controlled trials to evaluate antihypertensive drug effectiveness in managing PE. Methods: In adherence to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, this systematic review focused on full-text English-language articles published between 2000 and 2024. Result: The review process evaluated over 4000 publications from reputable sources, including ScienceDirect, SagePub, and PubMed. After an initial screening, five key publications were selected for in-depth review. Conclusion: Diltiazem is the most effective antihypertensive agent for reducing blood pressure in preeclampsia patients, followed by Labetalol and Nicardipine. Diltiazem is preferred for severe PE and hypertension, while Labetalol protects uterine blood flow and is safe during pregnancy. Supplements and non-antihypertensive drugs may also have auxiliary effects on PE.