The Analysis Study of Microbiological Identification and Mortality Rates in Tuberculous Meningitis: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most common form of central nervous system TB. This study aims to evaluate the microbiological diagnosis of TBM using CSF and estimate the case fatality rate of the disease. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, this systematic review focused exclusively on full-text articles published in English between 2014 and 2024. Result: The study conducted a comprehensive review of over 100 publications sourced from reputable databases, including ScienceDirect, SagePub, and PubMed. Following an initial screening, eight publications were identified as warranting more in-depth analysis. Consequently, a thorough review of these selected studies was performed to ensure a detailed and rigorous evaluation. Conclusion: Tuberculosis meningitis is not always microbiologically confirmed, and the mortality rate in TBM patients is high. Early microbiological confirmation is crucial for reducing mortality. MDR-TB is prevalent among TBM patients, and diagnosis should rely on rapid, sensitive, and specific molecular methods. All TBM isolates should undergo culture and drug susceptibility testing.