Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Abrocitinib, Baricitinib, and Upadacitinib in the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: A Sytematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disorder that affects approximately 20% of children and 10% of adults worldwide. Current treatment primarily involves topical therapies, but systemic therapies are needed for moderate-to-severe cases. Recent advances in understanding AD's molecular pathways have led to the development of targeted Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, including abrocitinib, baricitinib, and upadacitinib. Methods: This systematic review adhered to PRISMA 2020 guidelines to evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of three oral JAK inhibitors—abrocitinib, baricitinib, and upadacitinib—in treating moderate-to-severe AD. Results: The review included five key studies evaluating abrocitinib, baricitinib, and upadacitinib. Conclusion: Abrocitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib, and JTE-052 represent effective therapeutic options for moderate-to-severe AD. Their use should be guided by individual patient responses and safety profiles, with ongoing research needed to further define their comparative efficacy and long-term safety.